This paper presents average values of levelized costs for new generation resources as represented in the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) for our Annual Energy Outlook 2025 (AEO2025) Reference case. This work has grown to include cost models for solar-plus-storage systems. The estimates include only resources owned by the electric power sector, not those owned in. . DOE's Energy Storage Grand Challenge supports detailed cost and performance analysis for a variety of energy storage technologies to accelerate their development and deployment The U. Ramasamy, Vignesh, Jarett Zuboy, Michael Woodhouse, Eric O'Shaughnessy, David Feldman, Jal Desai, Andy Walker, Robert Margolis, and Paul Basore.
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